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Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments
1Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften, Marine Biogeochemie, Kiel, Germany
2Institut für Umweltphysik, Univerität Bremen, Bremen, Germany
3Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
4School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
5Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
6Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA, Miami FL, 33149, USA
7Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas – CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
8Department of Ocean Ecosystems, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
9Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115-6349, USA
10Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Postfach 120161, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany
11Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, UNIFOB AS, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway
12Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
13Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37922, USA
14Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, U. Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA
Abstract. Water column data of carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruise data sets in the Arctic, Atlantic and Southern Ocean have been retrieved and merged into a new database: CARINA (CARbon IN the Atlantic). The data have gone through rigorous quality control procedures to assure the highest possible quality and consistency. The data for the pertinent parameters in the CARINA database were objectively examined in order to quantify systematic differences in the reported values, i.e. secondary quality control. Systematic biases found in the data have been corrected in the data products, i.e. three merged data files with measured, calculated and interpolated data for each of the three CARINA regions, i.e. Arctic, Atlantic and Southern Ocean. Ninety-eight of the cruises in the CARINA database were conducted in the Atlantic Ocean, defined here as the region south of the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge and north of about 30° S. Here we present an overview of the Atlantic Ocean synthesis of the CARINA data and the adjustments that were applied to the data product. We also report details of the secondary QC for salinity for this data set. Procedures of quality control – including crossover analysis between stations and inversion analysis of all crossover data – are briefly described. Adjustments to salinity measurements were applied to the data from 10 cruises in the Atlantic Ocean region. Based on our analysis we estimate the internal accuracy of the CARINA-ATL salinity data to be 4.1 ppm. With these adjustments the CARINA database is consistent both internally as well as with GLODAP data, an oceanographic data set based on the World Hydrographic Program in the 1990s (Key et al., 2004), and is now suitable for accurate assessments of, for example, oceanic carbon inventories and uptake rates and for model validation.
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Citation: Tanhua, T., Steinfeldt, R., Key, R. M., Brown, P., Gruber, N., Wanninkhof, R., Perez, F., Körtzinger, A., Velo, A., Schuster, U., van Heuven, S., Bullister, J. L., Stendardo, I., Hoppema, M., Olsen, A., Kozyr, A., Pierrot, D., Schirnick, C., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., 2, 241-280, 2009. Bibtex EndNote Reference Manager
