Earth System Science Data Discussions
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2009
10.5194/essdd-2-367-2009
http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/2/367/2009/
http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/2/367/2009/essdd-2-367-2009.html
http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/2/367/2009/essdd-2-367-2009.pdf
367
419
2009-10-09
Assessing the internal consistency of the CARINA database in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean
C. Lo Monaco
claire.lomonaco@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr
M. Álvarez
R. M. Key
X. Lin
T. Tanhua
B. Tilbrook
D. C. E. Bakker
S. van Heuven
M. Hoppema
N. Metzl
A. F. Ríos
C. L. Sabine
A. Velo
LOCEAN-IPSL, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
IIMEDEA, CSIC-UIB, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Esporles, Spain
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften, Marine Biogeochemie, Kiel, Germany
CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship/ACE-CRC, Hobart, Australia
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Department of Ocean Ecosystems, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas – CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo, Spain
NOAA-Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, USA
Carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical ancillary data
from previously not publicly available cruises were retrieved and recently
merged to a new data base, CARINA. The initial North Atlantic project, an
international effort for ocean carbon synthesis, was extended to include the
Arctic Mediterranean Seas (Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas) and all three
sectors of the Southern Ocean. From a total of 188 cruises, 37 cruises are
part of the Southern Ocean. The present work focuses on data collected in
the Indian sector (20° S–70° S; 30° E–150° E). The Southern
Indian Ocean dataset covers the period 1992–2004 and includes seasonal
repeated observations. Parameters including dissolved inorganic carbon
(TCO<sub>2</sub>), total alkalinity (TA), oxygen, nitrate, phosphate and silicate
were examined for cruise-to-cruise and overall consistency. In addition,
data from an existing, quality controlled data base (GLODAP) were introduced
in the CARINA analysis to improve data coverage in the Southern Ocean. A
global inversion was performed to synthesize the information deduced from
objective comparisons of deep measurements (>1500 m) at nearby stations
(generally <220 m). The corrections suggested by the inversion were
allowed to vary within a fixed envelope, thus accounting for ocean interior
variability. The adjustments applied to CARINA data and those recommended
for GLODAP data, in order to obtain a consistent merged dataset, are
presented and discussed. The final outcome of this effort is a new quality
controlled data base for TCO<sub>2</sub> and other properties of the carbon system
that can now be used to investigate the natural variability or stability of
ocean chemistry and the accumulation of anthropogenic carbon. This data
product also offers an important new synthesis of seasonal to decadal
observations to validate ocean biogeochemical models in a region where
historical data were very sparse.
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